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What to Know about Mullein Leaf Benefits, Risks, and More
The mullein plant has been around for thousands of years. The plant is found in many parts of the world, including the United States, and has more than 200 species.
The most popular type commercially used is common mullein (Verbascum thapsus). The leaves are harvested near the bottom of the plant and used either fresh or dried to make various products.
Read on to learn more about mullein leaf, including the possible benefits, risks, and more.
Possible benefits of mullein leaf
There are many different Verbascum species, and studies show many have polyphenols. These compounds can have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Some active compounds of mullein include:
- saponins, which have anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving, and antitumor properties
- flavonoids, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties
- phenylpropanoid glycosides, which have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral properties
- iridoids, which have anti-inflammatory properties
Some naturopathic physicians and herbalists recommend mullein for respiratory and inflammatory conditions, but currently there’s not enough scientific evidence of its effectiveness.
More research is necessary to better understand the possible benefits of these properties, but existing research is promising.
Antiviral properties
A 2023 study has shown Verbascumspecies to have antiviral activity against influenza A and herpes.
One 2000 studyTrusted Source found that combining the medication amantadine with mullein increased antiviral activity against influenza.
Antibacterial properties
A 2020 study Trusted Source has shown that mullein leaf has antibacterial properties in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Side effects of mullein leaf
Based on anecdotal evidence and published studies, there are no reports of major side effects from mullein.
There’s no information on safety for use during pregnancy, while breastfeeding, or in infants and very young children. Talk with your doctor before considering mullein leaf.
Bacterial and viral infections can pose serious health risks. Before self-treating these infections with mullein leaf, consult your doctor for advice.
If you have any serious chronic health conditions, talk with your doctor about the safety of mullein leaf for you.
